Sunday, July 31, 2011

Ratko Mladic arrest: Neighbour reveals story

 Nick Thorpe

By Nick Thorpe BBC News, Lazarevo, Serbia

"I could have killed 10 of you if I wanted..." Ratko Mladic told the Serbian policemen who came to arrest him. "But I didn't want to. You're just young men, doing your job."

Nenad Stocovic in the garden of house where Ratko Mladic was arrested

Nenad Stocovic tends peppers in the Mladic garden - but says he did not know he was there

Speaking in a BBC interview, Nenad Stocovic, a next-door neighbour who was with Gen Mladic for four hours during his arrest in the village of Lazarevo on 26 May, has given more details of the events of that morning.

It was a momentous day, when one of the world's biggest manhunts came to an end, and the man accused of committing genocide in Bosnia began his journey to face justice in The Hague.

It was 0500 on a Friday morning. Nenad Stocovic had come down to the garden adjacent to where, as it would turn out, Ratko Mladic was staying with his third cousin, Branko.

Nenad came to water his peppers - "the elephant's ear variety" he tells me proudly, showing the size and shape with his hand. "When suddenly there were policemen everywhere, four in uniform, about 10 in plainclothes."

"'Did someone get killed?' I asked them, 'or have you come to buy a pig or a sheep from Branko?'"

His request to leave quietly was rejected by the tall policeman in charge.

Two pistols

"They had no body armour, no helmets, no long-barrelled guns... but they seemed afraid. And they were surprised when they found him."

 

Mladic on trial

 

“Start Quote

If we had known, we would have made sure he was moved to a safer house... where the police would never have found him”

End Quote”

Nenad Stocovic

Ratko Mladic was sitting in the front room, wearing a tracksuit. His first words to the police were: "I am the man you are looking for." He seemed relieved to be have been discovered, Mr Stocovic tells me.

During the hours which followed, they asked him to sit first outside in the yard of the house, then back inside the room. Three other houses in the village were searched simultaneously.

The tip-off - if that was what brought the police here - appears to have been that Gen Mladic was in the village, not which house he was in. The other houses searched all belong to other, distant relatives of the general.

"The police were polite at all times," Mr Stocovic continues, "treating him almost like a father."

Gen Mladic's two pistols, one American made, with three clips of ammunition, 54 bullets, the other a Yugoslav Zastava 765, were found in a drawer of the closet.

Ratko Mladic, soon after his arrest

Ratko Mladic seemed relieved to have been discovered, Nenad Stocovic said

"When the police inspector asked about it, he said the pistol was a gift of a volunteer in our army."

This was far from Gen Mladic's first visit to the village, but definitely the first time it had been searched by the Serbian authorities, in his 16 years on the run.

Around 10 years ago, Gen Mladic came here often, to stay with Branko, and kept his bees near the railway station.

"He walked openly in the streets, everyone knew who he was," Mr Stocovic explains.

"Once I told one of his bodyguards that his gun - a Heckler and Koch - was showing, protruding from under his jacket.

"'It is meant to be,' he said, coolly."

That was the period when either the political will to arrest him did not exist, or when the price - the potential loss of the lives in the police operation; or a nationalist backlash - was deemed too high.

Another bodyguard stood at the edge of the field at that time, and a third, in a white shirt, in the road. It was clear they wanted people to know they were there - 10 years ago.

Paralysis

Under arrest this time, Gen Mladic was not handcuffed, and the police complied with his request not to lay hands on him or shackle him in any way.

House where Ratko Mladic was arrested
Police had never searched the house before, despite its connection with Mladic

Mr Stocovic and Branko helped him put on a feather jacket, before they took him away. The paralysis in one of his arms made it hard to dress.

"Which one of you is the American?" the general asked the police - little surprise that after 16 years on the run, he could only imagine being taken into custody as part of a Western conspiracy.

Another interesting detail is that Gen Mladic's son Darko had visited Lazarevo very recently, on 6 and 7 May, to celebrate the family's patron saint - St George.

For a village so closely connected to the Mladic family, and where he was known to have visited, it seems astonishing that the Serbian authorities had never searched it before.

"Did you really not know that Mladic was in the village?" I asked Mr Stocovic, in conclusion.

"If we had, we would have made sure he was moved to a safer house, not connected to his relatives, where the police would never have found him," he replies.

Before I go, he says he has a message for the journalists of the world.

"You can help us a lot, but you can also do us a lot of damage. All I ask is that you tell the truth. Only the truth will extinguish the fires. This is the message of a self-educated man."

 

More on This Story

Background
Video and audio

BBC News - Ratko Mladic arrest: Neighbour reveals story

Saturday, July 30, 2011

Turkey: Military chiefs resign en masse

29 July 2011 Last updated at 21:29 GMT

Turkish Generals Ilker Basbug (left), and Isik Kosaner, pictured in August 2008

Isik Kosaner (right) was appointed armed forces chief of staff just under a year ago

Related Stories

The chief of the Turkish armed forces, Isik Kosaner, has resigned along with the army, navy and air force heads.

They were furious about the arrest of senior officers, accused of plotting, shortly before a round of military promotions.

A series of meetings between Gen Kosaner and PM Recep Tayyip Erdogan failed to resolve their differences.

Turkish President Abdullah Gul moved quickly to appoint General Necdet Ozel as the new army chief.

Gen Ozel is widely expected to be swiftly elevated to chief of the general staff in place of General Kosaner. Tradition dictates that only the head of the army can take over the top job.

There has been a history of tension between the secularist military and the governing AK party, with the two sides engaged in a war of words for the past two years over allegations that parts of the military had been plotting a coup.

Investigations into those allegations, known as the "Sledgehammer" conspiracy - appear to be the root cause of today's resignations, says the BBC's correspondent in Istanbul, with the senior military wanting to go ahead with scheduled annual promotions for some of the officers implicated - and the government refusing.

 

General Isik Kosaner attends a ceremony in Ankara in July 2010, when he was army chief
General Isik Kosaner lasted just under one year as Turkey's overall military chief

The Supreme Military Council, which will decide on promotions, is scheduled for next week.

The government says the top brass asked to retire.

But Gen Kosaner portrayed his resignation as a protest at the jailing of military officers in a variety of court cases.

"It has become impossible for me to continue in this high office, because I am unable to fulfil my responsibility to protect the rights of my personnel as the chief of general staff," Gen Kosaner told the Hurriyet news group.

'Sledgehammer'

Gen Kosaner and his senior commanders quit just hours after a court charged 22 suspects, including several generals and officers, with carrying out an internet campaign to undermine the government.

This case is the latest element of the protracted 'Sledgehammer' controversy - a coup plan allegedly presented at an army seminar in 2003.

Seventeen generals and admirals currently in line for promotion were among those jailed in the Sledgehammer prosecutions. Altogether nearly 200 officers were charged with conspiracy.

Twenty-eight servicemen will go on trial next month.

Gen Kosaner was appointed overall head of the Turkish armed forces just a year ago.

His appointment followed a period of intense friction between the government and the military over the Sledgehammer controversy.

At that point, the politicians vetoed the army's original choice for joint chief, Gen Hasan Igsiz, because he was implicated in the alleged plot.

Nato no comment

It reportedly involved plans to bomb mosques and provoke tensions with Greece, in order to spark political chaos and justify a military takeover.

The defendants have argued that the plot was a just theoretical scenario to help them plan for potential political unrest.

The dramatic mass resignation has particular resonance in Turkey, which endured a series of military coups from 1960 to 1980.

In 1997, an army-led campaign forced the resignation of the country's first Islamist-led government.

The joint resignation of military chiefs is thought to be unprecedented in Turkey, which is a Nato member.

In Brussels, a Nato spokeswoman declined to comment on the resignations.

BBC News - Turkey: Military chiefs resign en masse

Egypt uprising: Islamists lead Tahrir Square rally

29 July 2011 Last updated at 21:40 GMT

Rally in Tahrir square, 29 July

The protest is one of the largest since the toppling of President Hosni Mubarak

 

Tens of thousands of people have packed Cairo's Tahrir Square, after the first call by Islamist leaders for nationwide demonstrations since President Hosni Mubarak was overthrown in February.

Many protesters - dominated by Muslim Brotherhood supporters - are calling for an Islamic state and Sharia law.

Correspondents say the rallies will be a worrying development for secularists.

The Brotherhood is the most organised political force in Egypt, although it was not prominent in the revolution.

Tensions have been running high between Egypt's Islamist and secular groups, who are at odds over the transition to democracy in the Arab world's most populated country.

Casualties

Later there were a number of casualties when violence broke out in a separate incident in Sinai.

"We have two bodies of civilians in the morgue now and 12 police conscripts being treated for injuries in hospital," Hisham Shiha, Egypt's deputy health minister, told state television.

Around 100 armed men drove around the city of El-Arish, shouting Islamic slogans, and firing into the air, before attacking a police station.

Terrified residents fled into their homes. One of those killed was a 13-year-old boy, according to reports in the local media.

Turning point?

Among the earlier protests in Tahrir Square, liberal groups called for guarantees of a constitution that will protect religious freedom and personal rights, whereas Islamists demanded speedy elections and a recognition of Islam - in one form or another - in the new Egyptian state.

Now the Islamists want their voice to be heard and are showing their muscle for the first time since Mr Mubarak stepped down on 11 February, says the BBC's Jon Leyne in Cairo.

Although the Muslim Brotherhood can turn out huge crowds by rallying its supporters at mosques, it does not necessarily represent the majority of Egyptians and is predicted to win around 20% of the vote in an election, our correspondent says.

There was little sign of any secular groups at Friday's rally, he says, adding that it will be interesting to see how they re-group after today's events.

Since early July, the mainly secular protesters had camped out in Tahrir Square - the epicentre of protests that toppled Mr Mubarak - to denounce the ruling military council over the slow pace of reform.

Islamist groups had for the most part stayed away from the sit-in. Last week, they held their own demonstration and accused the Tahrir protesters of going against the country's "Islamic identity", the AFP news agency reports.

But with Islamists and the more conservative Salafist groups now filling Tahrir Square, it could mark a turning point in Egypt's post-revolution period, our correspondent says.

Later on Friday, witnesses in el-Arish reported men in trucks and on motorbikes firing their assault rifles into the air and forcing frightened residents into their homes.

The men are reported to have been confronted by policemen and soldiers.

"We have two bodies of civilians in the morgue now and 12 police conscripts being treated for injuries in hospital," Hisham Shiha, Egypt's deputy health minister, told state television.

 

More on This Story

 

Profiles
Guides
From other news sites

BBC News - Egypt uprising: Islamists lead Tahrir Square rally

Friday, July 29, 2011

As Mubarak’s trial nears, Egyptians debate the role of Islam

PATRICK MARTIN CAIRO— From Friday's Globe and Mail

Published Thursday, Jul. 28, 2011 9:05PM EDT

Former Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak will stand trial next Wednesday, even if he has to be carried to Cairo on a stretcher.

egypt_jpeg_1302956cl-8

People’s power: a poster of President Mubarak is ripped apart in Alexandria. The 82-year-old had been seeking another term in office Photo: AFP/Getty Images

Egypt’s official news agency confirmed plans to try the former leader despite recent statements by his lawyer that the 83-year-old had lapsed into a coma in the hospital near his palatial home in the Sinai resort town of Sharm el-Sheikh.

More related to this story

The man who led Egypt for almost three decades was forced to step down in February after unprecedented street protests prompted the country’s pre-eminent armed forces to intervene.

Mr. Mubarak and his former interior minister, Habib al-Adli, along with Mr. Mubarak’s two sons, Alaa and Gamal, are charged with corruption and with ordering the killing of peaceful protesters this spring.

Organizers of the protests have made a speedy trial of the former leadership one of their major demands. Another demand was for elections. Originally promised for September, they have now been postponed until near the end of the year while an electoral council meets to decide on how the vote should be conducted.

Meanwhile, a major schism in the revolutionary forces has become apparent as Islamist groups face off against secular democrats.

The Islamists have begun to voice their rejection of the idea of a secular state and their opposition to a set of “supra-constitutional principles,” a kind of bill of rights, that is now being prepared by the ruling military council as a framework for drafting a new constitution.

The Islamists, who are calling more loudly than ever for a republic governed by Islamic law, argue that a bill of rights could preclude such a religious state.

Khaled Saeed, spokesman for the Salafi Front, said only “the Koran is above the constitution.”

The Islamists want elections, in which they are expected to do well, before any constitutional principles are written.

Groups ranging from the extensive Muslim Brotherhood to fundamentalist salafists to the former terrorist organization Gamaa Islamiya are joining together in a major march Friday as a show of force.

The groups seem determined to make it the largest political demonstration since the nationwide uprising six months ago.

This march will make everyone aware of the Islamists’ real weight, Mr. Saeed vowed.

Fearing a possible clash with secular protesters in central Tahrir Square, both Islamist and secularist leaders have apparently entered into a concord, each side promising to avoid confrontation with the other.

Essam el-Erian, deputy chairman of the Muslim Brotherhood’s Freedom and Justice Party, said it’s important that both camps work together for a new Egypt. “We need to prove to the whole world that we are able to be one thing,” he said.

While the concord may last through the day, it’s unlikely to hold for long. The notion of a state ruled by shariah runs counter to the goals of the secular democrats. And a secular state is the last thing the Islamists want.

Abdallah Darwish, imam of a Gamaa Islamiya mosque in downtown Cairo, said last week that proponents of a secular state should leave the country if they don’t want an Islamic government.

“Grow that secular seed outside Egypt,” he said. “Since we were young, we have learned that this is an Islamic state.”

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tunisian court sentences former president

A Tunisian court sentenced ousted president Zein al-Abidine Ben Ali and his son-in-law to 16 years each in jail on charges of corruption that helped fuel a revolution that spread across the Arab world. The court also ordered Mr. Ben Ali and once-prominent businessman Sakher al-Materi, who were tried in absentia, to pay the equivalent of $70.65-million each in fines. It sentenced Mr. Ben Ali’s daughter Nisrine, married to Mr. Materi, to eight years in jail in absentia and ordered her to pay $36.5-million. Mr. Ben Ali’s overthrow in January after weeks of protests inspired the wave of uprisings that spread across the Middle East and North Africa this year. He fled with members of his close family to Saudi Arabia, where he is now in exile, after 23 years in power. Thursday’s trial was the third against Mr. Ben Ali, who has refused to attend.

Reuters

As Mubarak’s trial nears, Egyptians debate the role of Islam - The Globe and Mail

Thursday, July 28, 2011

Serbs torch border post in northern Kosovo

Last Modified: 27 Jul 2011 21:50

Incident follows seizure by Kosovo police units of border crossing post in northern region manned by Serbs.

Kosovo wants its police forces to man border crossings in a region that takes its orders from Serbia [Reuters]

Ethnic Serbs have set fire to a border crossing post in northern Kosovo after Kosovo's government said it had regained control of the post and a second one, officials said.

Oliver Ivanovic, Serbia's state secretary for Kosovo, said no one was hurt in Wednesday's incident but voiced concerns about further violence.

"One act of violence produces more violence. I am afraid we are entering a spiral of violence," he told the Reuters news agency.
Armed ethnic Serbs also fired at NATO peacekeeping forces in Kosovo on Wednesday in the ethnic-Serb dominated northern part of the country.

"The situation deteriorated at the customs post Jarinje and it was confirmed that an act of arson was committed against that position," NATO peacekeeping mission in Kosovo (KFOR) said in a statement.
"There have also been confirmed reports of shots fired at KFOR personnel in the vicinity," the statement added.
The NATO statement did not say whether anyone was injured in the attack or whether KFOR troops returned fire, but said reinforcements had been sent to the border.

Kosovo raid

On Monday, armed Kosovo police units crossed into the Serb-run north in an effort to station troops in a region that takes its orders from Serbia, the Associated Press news agency said.

A Kosovo police officer was shot in the head and died on Tuesday and four others were injured during an exchange of gunfire between police and local Serbs opposing Kosovo's efforts to take control of its border posts.

The same border post was burned down in 2008 by local Serbs after Kosovo declared independence.

Earlier, the European Union condemned Kosovo's actions to control the two contested border crossings with Serbia.

Hashim Thaci, the prime minister of Kosovo, justified the operation on Tuesday saying it was a "concrete step in establishing the rule of law" in the north.

He said co-operation with the international community was important, but that "the constitution and the sovereignty of my country are sacred for myself and for my countrymen and go beyond any partnership or loyalty".

Not helpful

But at a news briefing, Maja Kocijancic, an EU commission spokesperson, described Kosovo's unilateral action in the region as "not helpful".

"It was not done in consultation neither with the European Union nor the international community and we do not approve it," she said.

In Washington, President Barack Obama echoed Kocijancic's sentiments, but stopped short of condemning Kosovo.

Though Kosovo seceded from Serbia in 2008, Serbia does not recognise its independence.

To undermine Kosovo's claim of sovereignty, Serbia has stationed its troops in the northern region and enforced a boycott against goods from Kosovo.

Kosovo wants to assert control over the north and enforce a similar ban on Serbian goods.

Source: Agencies

Serbs torch border post in northern Kosovo - Europe - Al Jazeera English

Wednesday, July 27, 2011

Lost in vodka, lost in Moscow's metro, a provincial Russian dreams of way out

 Alexei Biloshchuk

Alexei Biloshchuk

© RIA Novosti 16:59 26/07/2011

Maria Kuchma, RIA Novosti
Related News
Multimedia

Reeling as he walks along a busy street in central Moscow, Alexei Biloshchuk doesn't look like a natural supporter of a new law making it harder to buy beer.

But he says he supports the Russian authorities' efforts to fight the alcohol abuse that kills hundreds of thousands of his countrymen every year.

Biloshchuk is on his way to a post office, where he hopes to receive a humble sum of money transferred to Moscow by his mother from the Siberian city of Novosibirsk.

"I was going to Ukraine to meet my father," Biloshchuk explains. "But I got drunk on the way and was robbed when I got here."

Having covered the 3,500 kilometers separating Novosibirsk and Moscow, Biloshchuk was more than halfway to his destination, but he cut short his trip after an argument with his father - the former military communications officer was not impressed with his son's hard-luck story. So the 34-year-old decided to stay in Moscow and make the most of his first visit to his country's capital.

His white classic shirt and grey trousers are no longer fresh, and his sports shoes are dusty after three nights at the train station and three days of wandering around Moscow.

"I don't have friends here," he giggles, revealing an empty space from a missing front tooth. "I had hardly arrived here - I got lost in the subway."

Biloshchuk's mother took her four year-old son to Siberia back in the 1980s, fleeing his father's frequent binges. Biloshchuk believes he has inherited his dad's drinking problem, following the pattern of millions of his countrymen whose lives have been ruined by their love of vodka.

Every fifth Russian drinks alcohol to excess, according to official figures that report some 200,000 alcohol-related deaths every year. The real figure is much higher, up to half a million, experts say.

In recent years, the government has moved to curb alcohol abuse by introducing restrictions on alcohol production and sales. The latest step came last week, when President Dmitry Medvedev signed a law banning beer sales from street kiosks and at night starting from 2013.

Biloshchuk welcomes the ban - "there will be no empty bottles making a mess everywhere" - but he seems unsure if it would help him and others like him change their lives for the better.

"The country loses itself to drink because people cannot find their way in life," he says. "You need to feel useful. If you don't, you stumble and find yourself in a bottle of vodka."

If only he had the opportunity to study at university, Biloshchuk says, he would "probably" have built a better life.

But now, he is where he is.

His major concern for the moment is to get his mother's money transfer. Then, his immediate plans include going to a concert of Soviet-era pop icon Alla Pugachyova, who is now in her 60s, getting a job at a factory, marrying a beautiful woman, and then - if everything goes really well - enrolling in a management school.

In order to achieve this, Biloshchuk says he has decided to stop drinking alcohol every week and only raise a glass or two on important holidays.

But after several unsuccessful job interviews in his three days in the capital, the hopes are fading and the old habits seem to be back.

"Moscow is for those who know how to survive. It's like that reality show - Survivor, you know?"

He no longer giggles. He feels offended that hundreds of thousands of Central Asian guest workers in low-paying unskilled jobs manage to survive in the capital, while his prospects remain unclear.

A small silver Orthodox cross shines on Biloshchuk's chest. "When I feel very bad, I pray," he confesses. "It helps."

And, haltingly, he recites the Ave Maria, struggling to get his tongue around the sinuous Church Slavonic verses.

MOSCOW, July 26 (RIA Novosti, Maria Kuchma)

Lost in vodka, lost in Moscow's metro, a provincial Russian dreams of way out | Features & Opinion | RIA Novosti

Israeli and Palestinian Women Take a Rare Trip to the Beach

 

Rina Castelnuovo for The New York Times

Palestinian women and girls from the West Bank at the beach in Tel Aviv, after a group of Israeli women snuck them into the country for a daylong excursion. More Photos »

By ETHAN BRONNER Published: July 26, 2011

TEL AVIV — Skittish at first, then wide-eyed with delight, the women and girls entered the sea, smiling, splashing and then joining hands, getting knocked over by the waves, throwing back their heads and ultimately laughing with joy.

 

Most had never seen the sea before.

The women were Palestinians from the southern part of the West Bank, which is landlocked, and Israel does not allow them in. They risked criminal prosecution, along with the dozen Israeli women who took them to the beach. And that, in fact, was part of the point: to protest what they and their hosts consider unjust laws.

In the grinding rut of Israeli-Palestinian relations — no negotiations, mutual recriminations, growing distance and dehumanization — the illicit trip was a rare event that joined the simplest of pleasures with the most complex of politics. It showed why coexistence here is hard, but also why there are, on both sides, people who refuse to give up on it.

“What we are doing here will not change the situation,” said Hanna Rubinstein, who traveled to Tel Aviv from Haifa to take part. “But it is one more activity to oppose the occupation. One day in the future, people will ask, like they did of the Germans: ‘Did you know?’ And I will be able to say, ‘I knew. And I acted.’ ”

Such visits began a year ago as the idea of one Israeli, and have blossomed into a small, determined movement of civil disobedience.

Ilana Hammerman, a writer, translator and editor, had been spending time in the West Bank learning Arabic when a girl there told her she was desperate to get out, even for a day. Ms. Hammerman, 66, a widow with a grown son, decided to smuggle her to the beach. The resulting trip, described in an article she wrote for the weekend magazine of the newspaper Haaretz, prompted other Israeli women to invite her to speak, and led to the creation of a group they call We Will Not Obey. It also led a right-wing organization to report her to the police, who summoned her for questioning.

In a newspaper advertisement, the group of women declared: “We cannot assent to the legality of the Law of Entry into Israel, which allows every Israeli and every Jew to move freely in all regions between the Mediterranean and the Jordan River while depriving Palestinians of this same right. They are not permitted free movement within the occupied territories nor are they allowed into the towns and cities across the green line, where their families, their nation, and their traditions are deeply rooted.

“They and we, all ordinary citizens, took this step with a clear and resolute mind. In this way we were privileged to experience one of the most beautiful and exciting days of our lives, to meet and befriend our brave Palestinian neighbors, and together with them, to be free women, if only for one day.”

The police have questioned 28 Israeli women; their cases are pending. So far, none of the Palestinian women and girls have been caught or questioned by the police.

The beach trip last week followed a pattern: the Palestinian women went in disguise, which meant removing clothes rather than covering up. They sat in the back seats of Israeli cars driven by middle-aged Jewish women and took off headscarves and long gowns. As the cars drove through an Israeli Army checkpoint, everyone just waved.

Earlier, the Israelis had dropped off toys and equipment at the home of one of the Palestinian women, who is setting up a kindergarten. The Israelis also help the Palestinian women with medical and legal troubles.

Israel’s military, which began limiting Palestinian movement into Israel two decades ago to prevent terrorism at a time of violent uprisings, is in charge of issuing permits for Palestinian visits to Israel. About 60,000 will be issued this year, twice the number for 2010 but still a token amount for a population of 2.5 million. Ms. Hammerman views the permits as the paperwork of colonialist bureaucrats — to be resisted, not indulged. Others have attacked her for picking and choosing which laws she will and will not obey.

The Palestinian visitors came with complicated histories. In most of their families the men have been locked up at some point. For example, Manal, who had never been to the sea before, is 36, the mother of three and pregnant; five of her brothers are in Israeli prisons, and another was killed when he entered a settler religious academy armed with a knife.

She brought with her an unsurprising stridency. “This is all ours,” she said in Tel Aviv. She did not go home a Zionist, but in the course of the day her views seemed to grow more textured — or less certain — as she found comfort in the company of Israeli women who said that they, too, had a home on this land.

Another visitor lives in a refugee camp with her husband and children. Her husband’s family does not approve of her visits (“ ‘How can you be with the Jews?’ they ask me. ‘Are you a collaborator?’ ”) but she did not hide the relief she felt at leaving her overcrowded camp for a day of friends and fun.

The beach trips — seven so far — have produced some tense moments. An effort to generate interest in a university library fell flat. An invitation to spend the night met with rejection by Palestinian husbands and fathers. Home-cooked Israeli food did not make a big impression. And at a predominantly Jewish beach, a policeman made everyone nervous.

So, on this latest visit, the selected beach was one in Jaffa that is frequented by Israeli Arabs. Nobody noticed the visitors.

Dinner was a surprise. Hagit Aharoni, a psychotherapist and the wife of the celebrity chef Yisrael Aharoni, is a member of the organizing group, so the beachgoers dined on the roof of the Aharonis’ home, five floors above stylish Rothschild Boulevard, where hundreds of tents are currently pitched by Israelis angry with the high cost of housing. The guests loved Mr. Aharoni’s cooking. They lighted cigarettes — something they cannot do in public at home — and put on joyous Palestinian music. As the pink sun set over the Mediterranean, they danced with their Israeli friends.

Ms. Aharoni was asked her thoughts. She replied: “For 44 years, we have occupied another country. I am 53, which means most of my life I have been an occupier. I don’t want to be an occupier. I am engaged in an illegal act of disobedience. I am not Rosa Parks, but I admire her, because she had the courage to break a law that was not right.”

A version of this article appeared in print on July 27, 2011, on page A4 of the New York edition with the headline: Where Politics Are Complex, Simple Joys At the Beach.

Israeli and Palestinian Women Take a Rare Trip to the Beach - NYTimes.com

Tuesday, July 26, 2011

'Murder' trials merged for Mubarak and allies

Cases against former president, ex-security chief and others set for August 3 as protesters continue calls for justice.

Last Modified: 25 Jul 2011 17:30

Protesters wait at the Cairo court where Egypt's former interior minister was set to be tried [Reuters]

A Cairo court has decided to merge the trials of former President Hosni Mubarak and ex-Interior Minister Habib al-Adly, both accused of killing protesters during an uprising that toppled the regime. 

The announcement came on Monday as Egypt's cabinet made a pledge to clear out officials who held senior posts in the Mubarak era, continue with public corruption trials and press on with other reforms to placate protesters who have turned their anger on the ruling military.

Also on Monday, former Prime Minister Ahmed Nazif was charged in a corruption case by military prosecutors, in the first case of a former regime official facing military justice. Nazif was charged and ordered detained for 15 days for squandering public money and seizing state-owned land, the official MENA news agency reported.

In the postponed Adly case, a judge said the former interior minister and his six deputies would be tried on August 3, together with Mubarak and his two sons Alaa and Gamal, and businessman Hussein Salem who is currently abroad, the AFP news agency reported.

Adly, who has already been sentenced to 12 years for corruption, appeared in the dock in the first of his trials to be shown on state television.

'A lot of anger'

Hundreds of protesters, including families of victims who died during the revolt, turned out for the trial of the once-feared minister, throwing stones at the convoy of vans driving him away.

As Al Jazeera's Sherine Tadros reported from the court in Cairo: "There was a lot of anger there. However, the fact that this was a televised trial has gone a long way to pacify some of the people who feel that these trials have gone on behind closed doors. They haven't felt that [the trials] have been very transparent."

She added that for many Egyptians who have lived for decades under a judicial system that was "far from transparent", justice must be "seen to be believed".

"And that is what happened at this court case today. It was broadcast to millions of Egyptians, and certainly they will be happy to see Habib al-Adly inside that court room for the first time."

Protests continue

Several former ministers, officials and businessmen associated with the old regime are currently on trial, after the ruling military vowed it would bring to justice all those found guilty of abuse.

But the process has been slammed as slow and activists have been pushing for public trials.

Protesters who took to the streets to demand Mubarak's resignation have increasingly turned their anger toward the ruling Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) which took power when Mubarak was toppled in February.
They have accused the military council of stifling dissent and slowing down the pace of reform. Hundreds of protesters were still camped out in Cairo's Tahrir Square and vowed to continue pushing for change.

Protesters also tried to march on the defence ministry on Saturday, accusing the ruling generals of foot-dragging over reforms and in holding ex-officials to account. They were blocked by military police lines and stone-throwing youths, leaving more than 300 protesters injured.
Cabinet promises change

The clashes came hours after Field Marshal Hussein Tantawi, the head of SCAF and Mubarak's long-time defence minister, pledged in a television address to work for a free system through fair elections and a constitution.
But the military rulers had also accused the April 6 movement, which helped launch the January 25 uprising, of "driving a wedge between the people and the army".

To quell similar divisions, the cabinet committee charged with crisis management said in a statement on Monday it would "cast out all the ranks of the former regime from positions of responsibility in all state agencies as fast as possible".

It also stressed "the principle of public trials for all symbols of former regime and the former president and calling on the court responsible to announce the procedures his trial and its location and revealing his real health condition".

It also made other pledges, such as setting a maximum wage for the higher paid officials within a month and referring new cases to trial more quickly.

Source:

Al Jazeera and agencies

'Murder' trials merged for Mubarak and allies - Middle East - Al Jazeera English

Monday, July 25, 2011

Egyptian protest march descends into violent clashes

 

More than 140 injured after groups of men with knives attack demonstrators heading for military headquarters

Egyptian protest march

Egyptians loyal to the ruling military council clash with protesters in Abbasiya, Cairo, where the army blocked the road to the defence ministry. Photograph: Asmaa Waguih/Reuters

Thousands of protesters trying to march to the headquarters of Egypt's military rulers have been attacked by groups of men wielding knives and sticks, triggering street clashes that have left more than 100 people injured.

An estimated 10,000 people set out from Tahrir Square in Cairo, but were stopped from reaching the military headquarters in the eastern Abbasiya neighbourhood by army barricades. Security forces also used teargas to disperse protesters.

Saturday's clashes came as tensions mount between the military council that took control of the country after a popular uprising forced President Hosni Mubarak from office and activists who want them to move faster in bringing former regime officials to justice and setting a date for the transition to civilian rule.

The military has appeared impatient with the pressure, accusing activists of treason, warning protesters against "harming national interests" and calling on "honourable" Egyptians to confront actions that disrupt a return to normal life.

The march coincided with the anniversary of the 1952 military coup that toppled the Egyptian monarchy and brought a series of military leaders to office. Bands of men armed with knives and sticks set upon marchers from side roads and in front of the barricades, triggering street battles.

Gunfire was heard, but it was unclear who was shooting. Some firebombs were thrown.

The identity of the attackers could not immediately be determined. Similar groups of men have tried to break up other rallies, and Mubarak's regime often used hired civilians to attack protesters. Some witnesses said they might have been residents or shopkeepers angry at the loss of business as a result of the protests. Others said local residents threw water bottles to the protesters and helped them reach safety.

At one point, a man perched over a female protester, squeezing her against the wall where she was taking cover from the flying rocks. The man cursed her and accused her of being hired to cause chaos, shouting: "Damn your revolution!"

An Associated Press reporter saw a firebomb flying from inside a garden in a side street, landing at a distance from the protesters. The attackers then charged toward the protesters and accused them of throwing the flaming bottle.

"We are extremely angry. These are Egyptians beating us," said Selma Abou el-Dahab, one of the marchers.

A medical official, who did not want to be named, said more than 140 people were taken to hospital with wounds from thrown rocks and falling in the stampede.

The violence broke out following a televised speech commemorating the 1952 coup by Field Marshal Mohammed Hussein Tantawi, head of the ruling military council, who attempted to diffuse tensions by praising young people who led the uprising that toppled Mubarak.

Many protesters have grown distrustful of the military rulers who assumed control of the country on 11 February. A few hundred have been camped out in Tahrir Square since 8 July to pressure the military into bringing those accused of killing nearly 900 protesters during the 18-day uprising to trial. So far, only one low-ranking policeman has been charged in absentia for killing protesters.

Saturday's march was the second consecutive day that protesters tried to reach the headquarters of Egypt's supreme council of the armed forces. On Friday, crowds tried to reach the building to denounce alleged beatings of demonstrators by military forces during another rally in the city of Alexandria.

Tantawi appealed for national unity and called the youth activists "a great product of Egyptian soil".

The military council has promised to hand over power to an elected civilian government within six months. Parliamentary elections are set for October or November, followed by presidential elections, likely next year.

Egyptian protest march descends into violent clashes | World news | guardian.co.uk

Hotel maid goes public with allegations against ex-IMF chief

By the CNN Wire Staff July 25, 2011 -- Updated 0032 GMT (0832 HKT)

Dominique Strauss-Kahn's accuser, Nafissatou Diallo, broke her silence Sunday in an interview with Newsweek.

Dominique Strauss-Kahn's accuser, Nafissatou Diallo, broke her silence Sunday in an interview with Newsweek.

STORY HIGHLIGHTS

  • NEW: The accuser's attorney says the defense has conducted a "smear campaign"
  • Nafissatou Diallo conducts interviews with Newsweek and ABC News
  • In both, she offers her account of what happed May 14 with Strauss-Kahn
  • The former IMF chief's lawyer claim it's all part of a bid to get a settlement

RELATED TOPICS

(CNN) -- The maid who accused former International Monetary Fund Chief Dominique Strauss-Kahn of sexually assaulting her in a New York City hotel room has ended her months-long silence and gone public.

Nafissatou Diallo, whose credibility has been questioned by Strauss-Kahn's lawyers and prosecutors, spoke to Newsweek magazine for an article posted on its website Sunday. She also conducted an interview Robin Roberts of ABC News, which is set to air Monday on "Good Morning America."

CNN previously has not identified Diallo, given the network's policy against naming sexual assault victims. But it is now naming her, in light of her decision to make her case to the media.

On May 14, Diallo accused Strauss-Kahn -- who besides being a global economic leader had been mentioned as a leading contender for the French presidency -- of assaulting her at Manhattan's Sofitel Hotel, where she was an employee. He was charged in New York with sexual abuse and attempted rape, pleading not guilty on all counts.

In an interview conducted at her lawyer's office in New York City, Diallo told Newsweek that Strauss-Kahn was naked when he slammed the door shut to his luxury hotel room, forced himself upon her and tried to make her perform oral sex on him.

"Because of him they call me a prostitute," Diallo said, referring to pubished reports she had sex for money. "I want him to go to jail. I want him to know there are some places you cannot use your power, you cannot use your money."

The 32-year-old Guinean native told the magazine she was "nervous" and "scared" when she eventually ran from the room, ending an incident that took about 15 minutes.

Yet the fallout has been far more extensive, and continues.

Strauss-Kahn was initially arrested at New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport, while on-board a Paris-bound plane. His arrest created an international furor, prompting his resignation as IMF chief as New York Judge Michael Obus ordered him held under a $6 million bail.

After posting bond, Strauss-Kahn had been confined to a luxury townhouse. But on July 1, the judge freed him from house arrest after prosecutors presented evidence showing that Diallo admitted she'd lied about the specifics of her whereabouts after the incident and, from her past, the details of an asylum application and information she put on tax forms.

But while the case took a dramatic turn, the charges against the 62-year-old have not been dismissed. And there have been more twists in recent weeks, including writer Tristane Banon's filing a complaint accusing Strauss-Kahn of attempted rape in France, stemming from an alleged 2003 incident in Paris. A lawyer for Strauss-Kahn in France said he subsequently filed a counter-claim against Banon for "false declarations."

Still, most of the intrigue remains centered in the United States, where lawyers for the suspect and the defendant continue to go back and forth challenging each other's tactics. Diallo's interviews further stoked those fires, prompting strongly worded responses from both sides.

On Sunday, Strauss-Kahn's U.S.-based attorneys William Taylor and Benjamin Brafman issued a statement chastising Diallo for talking with the media, claiming she is "the first accuser in history to conduct a media campaign to persuade a prosecutor to pursue charges against a person from whom she wants money."

"The number of rallies, press conferences and media events they have orchestrated is exceeded only by the number of lies and misstatements she has made to law enforcement, friends, medical professionals and reporters," the lawyers said, referring to her and her attorney's actions. "It is time for this unseemly circus to stop."

Kenneth Thompson, Diallo's attorney, shot back accusing Strauss-Kahn's attorneys of conducting "an unprecedented smear campaign against the victim of a violent sexual attack."

"Because of those contemptible, baseless and anonymous attacks, Ms. Diallo was forced to come forward in order to put a face to the brutal crime," Thompson said in a statement.

CNN's Susan Candiotti contributed to this report.

Hotel maid goes public with allegations against ex-IMF chief - CNN.com

Sunday, July 24, 2011

How a young Murdoch fought his early battles, and won

23 July 2011 Last updated at 09:40 GMT By Madeleine Morris & Stephanie Hegarty BBC News

Rupert Murdoch Murdoch in 1960, with the Sydney tabloid his rivals hoped would sink him

 

Phone-hacking scandal

Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation is at the centre of the phone hacking scandal engulfing British politics. But how did the press baron go from inheriting an evening newspaper in a sleepy Australian city to becoming a global media titan?

By the middle of the 1960s Rupert Murdoch was on the cusp of his transformation from local press baron to owner of a national newspaper.

But before that was to happen, he had a newspaper to get out. And things were not going smoothly.

As the first issue of his new national daily paper, the Australian, rolled off the presses in Canberra, at a furious rate, a sharp-eyed colleague noticed errors on the front page. The paper was carrying the wrong date and a glaring spelling error.

Eric Walsh, who had noticed the mistakes, mentioned them to the paper's deputy editor, and suggested he "tell Rupert", who was standing over the presses in shirtsleeves.

But the deputy editor ignored the appeal, twice.

"I think they were all frightened of Rupert," says Mr Walsh, although he remembers the ambitious press baron as "a very with-the-mob, hands-on guy".

Mr Walsh decided to take matters into his own hands, telling the boss himself. Mr Murdoch immediately ordered the presses be halted and all the printed copies pulped.

It was perhaps that split image of Rupert Murdoch that was in evidence on Tuesday this week, when he faced a committee of British MPs, who wanted answers to questions about the phone hacking scandal at his News of the World paper in the UK.

Commentators observed a Wizard of Oz feel about the proceedings. Mr Murdoch, who for years had instilled fear in those British politicians who sought the patronage of his papers, appeared less intimidating than presumed.

 

Rupert Murdoch at the culture select committee hearing, July 2011

Murdoch at the select committee hearing - commentators observed an unexpected fallibility

Indeed, as he announced to the watching world, he was "humbled" by the scandal.

But back in July 1964, Mr Murdoch's fallibility would have been hard to spot.

His new title, the Australian, was Australia's first broadsheet paper with a distribution spanning the entire country.

It was an ambitious plan, and a risky one, but it came to symbolise Mr Murdoch's approach to business.

By the time he embarked on the Australian, Mr Murdoch already owned newspapers in every state in the country. His reach had expanded far beyond the sleepy city of Adelaide, to which he had returned in the early 1950s on the death of his father, Keith.

Sir Keith Murdoch had owned an evening tabloid, the Adelaide News. Rupert assumed control of the paper only to find it under attack from the rival Adelaide Herald.

Adelaide in the 1950s The sleepy city where Mr Murdoch's rise began - Adelaide in the 1950s

Rupert Murdoch went into overdrive to fight back. And through a now familiar combination of bigger headlines and brasher stories, his title swiftly came to dominate the market.

After his early success, Mr Murdoch moved quickly to expand his business, buying newspapers in Queensland, Victoria and the Northern Territory.

Then, in 1960, he bought a struggling Sydney paper, the Daily Mirror, from the Fairfax group, which owned the big-circulation Melbourne Age and Sydney Morning Herald.

"Fairfax ran the Mirror down and tried to entice Rupert to buy it to put him out of business," remembers Mr Walsh, a journalist who worked for Mr Murdoch at the time.

John F Kennedy and Rupert Murdoch The path to power - Murdoch meets President Kennedy in the early 1960s

"They got Rupert on the hook, he bought it. Then he brought in very good journalists from other papers, and within 18 months he was out-selling the Fairfax paper."

"Fairfax totally underestimated Rupert. They thought they'd get rid of him easily. They didn't."

Rupert Murdoch was barely in his 30s but the "boy publisher" - as he became known - was still not taken seriously by the media or political establishment. He was determined to have his voice heard in the political arena and saw a gap in the market that would get him there.

"He dreamed of the Australian," says Mr Walsh. "It would be a different broadsheet from the Age and the Herald which were the only other broadsheets which mattered in Australia in that it would be a national circulating paper, and that was Rupert's path to matter."

An interview recorded in the early 1960s captured the young Murdoch's desire for influence. "Of course one enjoys the feeling of power [of being a newspaper proprietor]," he says. "I get very involved in the newspapers themselves, and sometimes in public arguments that we're conducting."

At a time when newspaper production was still primitive, and the challenges of delivering a national paper across the vast continent of Australia was a massive undertaking.

Witness

Listen to Rupert Murdoch, the early years on Witness, from the BBC World Service

The pages of the Australian were printed in Canberra and cardboard facsimiles had to be flown around to all the state capitals.

William Shawcross, one of Murdoch's biographers, explains the logistics behind the operation: "In the early days, very often there was fog in Canberra airport which stopped the planes taking off. Rupert would be driving out in his pyjamas very often begging the pilots to take off saying, 'it's not fog, it's just light mist'.

"Nine times out of 10 they did get there, but not always."

It was this determination and dogged persistence that would come to characterise Murdoch's enterprise.

 

The Australian Newspaper

Rupert Murdoch's paper today

Initially, the venture nearly bankrupted his company, News Limited.

"He was losing - in those days - a lot of money, over £25,000 a week which is over a million pounds a year," says Mr Walsh. "But because this was his avenue towards mattering politically he stuck with it. It [the Australian] is a very influential paper now, not universally popular politically but a very influential and very successful paper."

Mr Murdoch had established his pattern for success - spotting an opportunity, sticking with it until it made a profit, and gaining huge influence as a result.

It was the same recipe that saw him acquire his first foreign title in 1969 - the now defunct News of the World - and one he was to repeat again and again around the world.

"That's what he was good at," says Shawcross. "He always saw what was a good buy."

 

More on This Story

Phone-hacking scandal
News and analysis
James Murdoch at the committee hearing on 19 July 2011

BBC News - How a young Murdoch fought his early battles, and won

Belgian ban on full veils comes into force

 

23 July 2011 Last updated at 15:14 GMT

Veiled women MPs voted to ban veils on the grounds of security

A law has come into force in Belgium banning women from wearing the full Islamic veil in public.

The country is the second European Union nation after France to enforce such a ban. Offenders face a fine of 137.5 euros (£121; $197) and up to seven days in jail.

Two women who wear full veils launched an immediate court challenge, saying the law is discriminatory.

France, home to Europe's biggest Muslim population, enforced its ban in April.

Belgium's law bans any clothing that obscures the identity of the wearer in places like parks and on the street.

It was passed almost unanimously by the lower house of parliament in April 2010.

MPs voted with only two abstentions to back the legislation on the grounds of security, to allow police to identify people.

Other MPs said that full face veils such as the burka or the niqab were a symbol of the oppression of women.

A woman wearing a full Islamic veil walks with a man and a baby's buggy in Venissieux, near Lyon, France, April 2010 Very few Muslim women actually wear full veils in France and Belgium

But critics of the law say it could end up excluding women, leaving those who do wear the full veil trapped in their homes.

And they say the measures are over the top - estimates suggest only a few dozen women wear this kind of veil in Belgium, out of a Muslim population of about half a million.

"We consider the law a disproportionate intrusion into fundamental rights such as the freedom of religion and expression," Ines Wouters, the lawyer representing the two women challenging the ban, told the newspaper La Libre.

She has taken their case to Belgium's constitutional court, where she will request a suspension of the law, AFP news agency reported.

 

More on This Story

Related Stories

BBC News - Belgian ban on full veils comes into force

Saturday, July 23, 2011

If America defaults...

 

Felicity Duncan 22 July 2011 19:22

What if there's no US debt deal?

The United States is facing a critical juncture. On August 2, according to the US Treasury, the federal government will run out of money and stop paying some of its bills (no one knows which ones). If the bills that aren't paid happen to be interest payments, the US could go into (hopefully temporary) default; if they happen to be salaries and Social Security payments, a lot of people could go hungry.

To avoid all this, the country needs the legislature, Congress, to approve a measure to raise America's debt ceiling, which would enable the government to borrow enough money to cover its outgoings. However, so far, Congress is unwilling to do so. Instead, politicians in both parties are trying to use the issue to force through a range of conflicting fiscal measures, resulting in a political deadlock that risks sending America hurtling towards financial disaster.

The ceiling

The debt ceiling is unique to America, the result of certain legal strictures. Essentially, the US Constitution gives Congress (and not the executive branch) the sole power to borrow on behalf of the US government. Accordingly, for many years, Congress had to approve every individual American bond issue.

In 1917 however, a measure was passed that established the debt ceiling, an upper limit on how much the government could borrow. The executive branch could then issue government bonds without Congressional approval until it hit the ceiling, at which point Congress would have to raise the limit to permit more borrowing.

Since 1917, the debt ceiling has been raised many times - between 2001 and 2010, for example, it was raised no fewer than eight times - and the whole process is usually just rubber-stamped. This year, however, things are quite different, for a range of reasons.

The problems

The US government has a debt problem. America's public debt has ballooned in recent years, thanks to expensive wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the expansion of Medicare benefits, bank bailouts, and an extensive fiscal stimulus programme. Today, America's total outstanding public debt of around $14tn is equal to almost 100% of GDP, putting the country at the top end of the list of indebted countries worldwide.

Many Americans are alarmed at this state of affairs, and anxious about further increases in the nation's debt burden, which makes raising the debt ceiling a political hot potato that no one wants to end up holding.

At the same time, Congress, especially the House of Representatives, is packed with newly elected fiscal conservatives who were voted in on a wave of Tea Party support. These folks were elected with a mandate to get America's fiscal house in order, and they are determined to do so. For many of them, any increase in the debt ceiling is unthinkable and they are determined to prevent a compromise measure from passing. This makes an agreement difficult.

And even among the more moderate types in Congress there are very deep divisions. Most politicians agree that the US needs to improve its fiscal management as a matter of urgency, but there are profound disagreements about how to do this. Democrats want to raise revenues (read: increase taxes, especially on the wealthy) and avoid deep cuts to social spending, while Republicans refuse to consider raising taxes and are insisting on deep cuts to Medicare and Social Security.

No one seems willing to bend, and the whole mess is further complicated by the upcoming presidential elections, with both sides trying to position themselves to take benefit from the situation.

As things stand now, a number of proposals have been floated, but so far everyone insists that no deal is on the horizon. It is, in short, a hot mess.

The consequences

So far, most observers have been relatively blasé about the whole debt ceiling issue; there is a widespread assumption that lawmakers will somehow cobble together a deal before the proverbial hits the fan. Surely, the rationale goes, America's politicians would not permit the disaster of a default. But what if the optimists are wrong? What if the political polarisation of American public life has become so profound that compromise is impossible?

The consequences of a failure to deal would be severe. In all likelihood, the Treasury would prioritise debt payments and essential services, closing down large parts of government that are considered non-essential.

Citizens in states with many government workers, like Virginia, would face serious problems, and all US states would find their ability to borrow severely constrained. If social grant payments were suspended, the pain would be even more severe.

The effects of all this on the still-fragile US economy would be disastrous, and could even tip the whole thing back into recession; recovering from even a partial, temporary default would be an uphill battle. From a more long-term perspective, a US fiscal crisis would further undermine confidence in the dollar, and would probably hasten American economic decline.

A failure to reach a deal would be a severe indictment of America's political class. If Congress cannot avert an obvious impending disaster, how will it cope with the many strategic threats America faces? It's a gloomy time in these United States.

If America defaults... - Across the Atlantic | Moneyweb

War crimes suspect arrives in Netherlands for trial

By the CNN Wire Staff

July 22, 2011 -- Updated 1608 GMT (0008 HKT)

Police secure the area while Goran Hadzic (center) is taken to see his ailing mother ahead of his transfer to the Netherlands.

Police secure the area while Goran Hadzic (center) is taken to see his ailing mother ahead of his transfer to the Netherlands.

RELATED TOPICS

(CNN) -- Goran Hadzic -- the last Yugoslav war crimes suspect at large until his arrest this week -- arrived in the Netherlands on Friday and was detained by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, the tribunal said Friday.

An ex-Croatian Serb rebel leader who had been a fugitive for seven years, Hadzic was captured in Serbia on Wednesday. He was wanted for crimes against humanity and war crimes in connection with the wars that followed the break-up of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s.

The former president of a self-proclaimed Serbian republic in Croatia, Hadzic is accused of trying to remove Croats and other non-Serbs from the territory and the "extermination or murder of hundreds of Croat or other non-Serb civilians," among many other crimes, according to the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.

He was the last fugitive of the 161 people indicted by the tribunal, which is based in The Hague.

Hadzic was admitted to a United Nations detention unit at The Hague on Friday, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia said in a statement.

He is charged with a number of offenses committed in eastern Slavonia, Croatia, including persecution, murder, imprisonment, torture, cruel treatment and deportation, the tribunal said.

Prosecutors say he and others sought to permanently remove a majority of the Croat and non-Serb population from about a third of Croatia to make way for a Serb-dominated state.

Hadzic is charged in one incident in which 264 people were taken from a hospital in November 1991, detained and "beaten and tortured before being transported to a remote execution site ... where they were killed and buried in a mass grave," the tribunal statement on Friday said.

Other Croats and non-Serbs were held in "brutal" conditions "characterized by inhumane treatment, overcrowding, starvation, forced labour, inadequate medical care and constant physical and psychological assault, including mock executions, torture, beatings and sexual assault," according to an indictment the tribunal quoted in its statement.

War crimes suspect arrives in Netherlands for trial - CNN.com

Friday, July 22, 2011

The enduring myth of Rudolf Hess

22 July 2011 Last updated at 00:24 GMT

By Thomas Doerfler University of Goettingen, Germany

Rudolf Hess (undated file picture)

 

On Wednesday 20 July 2011 - the anniversary of the attempt on Hitler's life in 1944 - the public was informed that the grave of Rudolf Hess, the "Fuehrer's deputy", had been razed before daybreak.

Beyond the fascinating coincidence in the date - there will surely be further speculation on this - the decision by Hess's heirs was surprising.

They wanted to commit his mortal remains to the waves and organise a funeral at sea for a man whose mystique and influence on the far-right was strongly linked to the existence of his grave in the Bavarian village of Wunsiedel.

He was already one the most interesting figures in post-war Germany, being the only high-ranking Nazi serving a life sentence imposed by the Nuremberg war-crimes court - Albert Speer, for instance, was released in 1966.

'Anti-German plot'

 

“Start Quote

Hess had become a kind of right-wing Che Guevara, with his portrait on shirts, buttons and posters”

End Quote”

Hess owes his ambiguous fame to the circumstances of his death. He was found hanged in a summer house in Berlin's Spandau Prison, where he had spent the previous 20 years.

The official version - contested by right-wingers of all stripes - was that he committed suicide to end his long imprisonment.

For the German and international far-right movement, this was clear evidence that the powers that be had tried to suppress the truth about an "anti-German" plot dating back to the war years.

According to this version of events, the Allied forces - notably the British secret service - ignored the true purpose of Hess's flight to Britain in 1941. He was taking a peace plan to Churchill, he told his interrogators.

This idea made Hess the perfect figure to portray the Nazis as victims, rather than aggressors.

Britain had started World War II to destroy Germany, and Hess was captured in Scotland to crush the peaceful intentions of Nazi Germany.

Even the fact that Hitler declared him insane did not dent this legend.

Revitalised myth

The site of Hess's razed grave in Wunsiedel, Germany.

The place where Rudolf Hess's grave once stood has been levelled

Moreover the resurgent Nazi scene in recent years has gradually recognised the potential of this myth to attract young people susceptible to tales of injustice.

What started as a tiny demonstration of a handful of Nazi activists in the 1990s had turned into thousands regularly filling the streets of Wunsiedel by early 2000s.

201172201553968580_20

Hess's grave had become the site of regular rallies by neo-Nazis [GALLO/GETTY

Everybody who looked at such scenes - including myself and my academic colleagues - felt uncomfortable. Most of the demonstrators were young and dressed like average heavy-metal kids - until you looked at their T-shirts and tattoos.

The Hess myth, modernised to satisfy a desire for victimhood, made the Wundsiedel commemorations alluring to young people. But it also led the Constitutional Court to ban the event in 2005, as the potential for the recruitment of new blood into the Neo-Nazi movement got increasingly obvious.

However the court order had limited effect on such gatherings, which continued less frequently and at a smaller scale elsewhere. But then Hess had become a kind of right-wing Che Guevara, with his portrait on shirts, buttons and posters.

 

Rudolf Hess
  • 1894: Born in Alexandria, Egypt
  • 1914-18: Serves during WWI, ending war as lieutenant
  • 1920: Joins Hitler's fledgling Nazi party
  • 1923: Imprisoned with Hitler and becomes his secretary
  • 1933: Becomes Hitler's deputy after his rise to power
  • 1941: Seeks peace with Britain by flying solo to Scotland; detained in Britain
  • 1946: Convicted of crimes against peace at Nuremberg Trials and given life sentence
  • 1947: Transferred to Spandau Prison in Berlin
  • 1987: Found hanged

In the end the family agreed to terminate the lease on the grave.

Thus an event that many would have thought highly improbably until now became reality on Wednesday evening. What might be the consequences of this startling decision?

Nazi zombie

Firstly, it is no coincidence that the relatives and officials chose to eliminate every physical trace of a figure with a vast potential for creating right-wing legends.

As was the case for Osama Bin Laden some weeks ago, the authorities understand the power of a permanent shrine to a highly controversial figure.

It becomes a place of pilgrimage, a focus for irrational and uncontrollable worship.

Secondly, the far-right movement has lost a crucial place embodying myths and legends that give it a friendly face. The neo-Nazis desperately need to celebrate the memory of an attractive "hero" for the benefit of new recruits.

And thirdly, there will be an increased potential for violence of all kinds - from street unrest to digital stalking - by the far-right.

Deprived of a leading rallying figure, the movement will feel that its noble tradition has been humiliated by unjust powers yet again.

Ultimately it is possible that a renewed cult could rise again around Hess, the ultimate Nazi zombie.

 

More on This Story

Related Stories

 

 

 

 

BBC News - The enduring myth of Rudolf Hess